ChopinPreludes

Prelude in E minor

Op. 28 No. 4

The left-hand chords sink by half steps, usually one note at a time, under a melody that barely moves.

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Form

A1–12
A′13–20
Coda21–25

A chords sink to a half cadenceA′ the descent again, fasterCoda deceptive cadence, then the real one

Opening, bars 1–4 · E minor

bar 1Emi
bar 2B7susV⁷(sus)B7V⁷
bar 3B7♭5V⁷♭5Bø7a:G♯°7iiø⁷
bar 4E7V⁷Em7e:C♯°7i⁷

Section by section

A (1–12): the chords sink

Bars 3–4 lean toward A minor (numerals after a: count from A). Bars 5–8 hold A and C while the inner voices sink, reaching A minor in bar 9. Bars 10–12 stop on B⁷, a half cadence (a pause on V).

A′ (13–20): the descent again, faster

Bars 14–16 take the same road in half the time. Bar 17 is the climax: B⁷ with C on top (V⁷♭9), then E minor. Bar 20 stops on B⁷ again.

Coda (21–25): why the ending takes five bars

B⁷ does not go home: bar 21 lands on C major, a deceptive cadence. Bar 23 holds a German sixth (C, E, G, A♯, written B♭), then silence. Only then does B lead to E minor: V, i.

The PDF includes a full page of analysis.

Page 1 of the study edition of Prelude in E minor, Op. 28 No. 4
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